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Porcupinefish
Group IUCN · Least Concern (LC)

Porcupinefish

Diodon hystrix, Linnaeus, 1758

marine
Where to see it

About Porcupinefish

The spot-fin porcupinefish (Diodon hystrix), also known as the spotted porcupinefish, black-spotted porcupinefish or simply porcupinefish, is a member of the family Diodontidae.

Appearance

The spot-fin porcupinefish is a medium-sized fish which grows up to 91 cm, but the typical size mostly observed is 40 cm. Its body is elongated with a spherical head with big round protruding eyes, and a large mouth that is rarely closed. The pectoral fins are large, the pelvic fins are absent, and the anal and dorsal fins are close to the caudal peduncle. The latter move simultaneously during swimming. The skin is smooth and firm; the scales are modified into spines. The body coloration is beige to sandy-yellow marbled with dark blotches and dotted with numerous small, black spots.

Habitat

The porcupinefish is circumglobal, found in tropical and subtropical waters. It has been recorded twice in the Mediterranean Sea, off southern Italy (1963) and the Balearic islands (2016).

Juveniles are pelagic until they are about 20 cm in length. Adults favour lagoons, top reefs, and seaward coral or rocky reefs from one to 50 m depth, sheltering under ledges or in caves during the day.

Diet

The porcupinefish's diet is based on sea urchins, gastropods, clams, and crustaceans.

Species in this group

Where to see it

Top-rated dive sites where divers have spotted Porcupinefish.

Black Forest - Grenada

Black Forest - Grenada

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Black Gorgonians, sponges, and diverse marine life
🚤 Boat Intermediate
Gaya Strip

Gaya Strip

⭐ 3.0 Scout Score
Malaysia, Sabah, Kota Kinabalu Tunku Abdul Rahman Marine Park
Sloping reef with great macro life, ideal for all levels.
🚤 Boat all levels
The Garden

The Garden

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Costa Rica, Drake Bay Cao Island Caño Island Biological Reserve
Vibrant hard coral garden with diverse marine life.
🚤 Boat Beginner
Coral Beach

Coral Beach

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Vibrant reef with diverse and remarkable fish life.
🚤 Boat All levels
Batu Belandra

Batu Belandra

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Indonesia, Lombok Gili Matra Marine Tourism Park
Diverse Indonesian reef with eels, pufferfish, and batfish schools.
🚤 Boat Intermediate
Small Giftun / Police Station

Small Giftun / Police Station

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Stunning coral reef drift dive in Hurghada
🚤 Boat Intermediate
Chatham Bay

Chatham Bay

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Pristine, shallow bay with abundant marine life, ideal for beginners.
🚤 Shore & Boat Beginner
Playa Ocotal

Playa Ocotal

⭐ 3.0 Scout Score
Shallow Costa Rican rocky point, teeming with small marine life.
👣 Shore Beginner
Playas del Coco

Playas del Coco

⭐ 3.0 Scout Score
Shallow Costa Rican bay with surprising marine life in rocky areas.
🚤 Shore & Boat All levels
Indian Bay

Indian Bay

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Calm, shallow bay perfect for macro life and beginners.
🚤 Boat All levels
La Carrera

La Carrera

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Volcanic lagoon with diverse marine life
🚤 Boat Beginner
Nudibranch Heaven

Nudibranch Heaven

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Cambodia, Koh Rong Koh Rong Marine National Park
Shallow Cambodian reef famous for abundant nudibranch species.
🚤 Boat Beginner
Nui Beach

Nui Beach

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Diverse shore dive with contrasting topography and rare macro life.
👣 Shore All levels
Tanjung Lagoon

Tanjung Lagoon

⭐ 3.0 Scout Score
Malaysia, Sabah, Kota Kinabalu Tunku Abdul Rahman National Park
Sheltered coral lagoon ideal for training and macro photography.
🚤 Boat Beginner
Deep Corner

Deep Corner

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Deep Indonesian corner dive with diverse macro and pelagic life.
🚤 Boat Advanced
Hin Raab

Hin Raab

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Thailand, Koh Chang Mu Ko Chang National Park
Three diverse sites: reef, canyon, and a small wreck.
🚤 Boat All levels
Haad Yao

Haad Yao

⭐ 3.0 Scout Score
Shallow, easy coral reef ideal for training and beginners.
🚤 Boat Beginner
Chileno Bay

Chileno Bay

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Shallow, rocky bay with varied fish and corals, great for snorkeling.
👣 Shore Beginner
Paniau North

Paniau North

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Shallow reef with turtles, caverns, and easy access.
Beginner
Koh Haa

Koh Haa

⭐ 4.0 Scout Score
Thailand, Koh Lanta Koh Lanta National Marine Park
Stunning limestone karst islands with diverse marine life.
🚤 Boat All levels