Sharpnose Stingray

The pale-edged stingray has a diamond-shaped pectoral fin disc slightly longer than wide, with concave anterior margins merging into an elongated, triangular snout; the head comprises more than half of the disc length. The eyes are small, with a pair of much larger spiracles immediately behind. There is a nearly rectangular curtain of skin between the nares, with a fringed rear margin. The mouth is gently curved, without papillae on the floor. There are 40–55 tooth rows in either jaw, arranged with a quincunx pattern into pavement-like surfaces. The teeth of adult males have pointed cusps while those of juveniles and females are blunt.

The range of the pale-edged stingray extends from the Indian subcontinent eastward to Java and Borneo, and northward to the Philippines and southern Japan. This species inhabits the inner continental shelf, favoring sandy flats in water under 100 m (330 ft) deep, and also frequently enters estuaries.

The pale-edged stingray feeds mainly on bottom-dwelling crustaceans, in particular prawns, but also takes small fishes. Parasites that have been identified from this species include the tapeworms Acanthobothrium zugeinensis, Balanobothrium yamagutii, Pithophorus zugeii, Polypocephalus ratnagiriensis and P. visakhapatnamensis, Rhinebothrium xiamenensis, Shindeiobothrium karbharae, Tetragonocephalum raoi, Tylocephalum singhii, and Uncibilocularis indiana and U. veravalensis, and the capsalid monogenean Trimusculotrema schwartzi. Like other stingrays, the pale-edged stingray is aplacental viviparous, with the young sustained initially by yolk and later histotroph ("uterine milk") secreted by the mother. Females give birth to 1–3 young at a time; there is no defined reproductive seasonality, at least in Indonesian waters. Newborns measure 8–10 cm (3.1–3.9 in) across.

Large numbers of pale-edged stingrays are caught incidentally in bottom trawls and trammel nets, particularly in the Gulf of Thailand, the Java Sea, and off the Indian coast. Most individuals landed are retained for human consumption, although the small size of this species limits its economic significance. The IUCN has assessed the pale-edged stingray as near threatened and notes that it is vulnerable. Across most of its range, this species experiences heavy and increasing fishing pressure, with all size classes susceptible to capture.